The mechanism of switching direction of swirling sloshing waves

Swirling waves frequently occur in a three-dimensional tank under nearly resonant excitation with oblique angle. The produces two components and the secondary component triggers rotational waves. detailed mechanism of switch circular direction is clearly described this study. evolution hydrodynamic forces ( F z ) on walls presents beating phenomenon always occurs at peak trough envelope history. external moment changes circulation intensity, finally swirling wave becomes single-direction wave, but only for short time. profile was determined by dominant sloshing mode instantaneous motion found to be key factor determine consequent flow circulating direction.